{"id":25588,"date":"2024-04-01T10:27:13","date_gmt":"2024-04-01T10:27:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/?p=25588"},"modified":"2025-08-18T13:34:13","modified_gmt":"2025-08-18T13:34:13","slug":"operating-system-os-in-computer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/operating-system-os-in-computer\/","title":{"rendered":"Operating System (OS) in Computer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Computer \u092e\u0947\u0902 Operating System(OS) \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Operating System” \u0909\u0938 system software \u0915\u094b referred \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b computer \u0915\u0947 hardware resources \u0915\u093e management \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 application software \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f services \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 Some most common operating system :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Windows (Windows 10, Windows 11, etc.) – Microsoft \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e develop, windows world level \u092a\u0930 most widespread form \u0938\u0947 use \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e desktop operating system \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. macOS – Apple \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 Mac computer \u0914\u0930 laptop \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f developed operating system\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Linux – Different distributions (Like, Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u090f\u0915 open-source operating system \u091c\u094b developers \u0914\u0930 technical \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0938\u093e\u0939\u0940 people \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a popular \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Chrome OS – Google \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e developed \u090f\u0915 operating system, \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 Chromebook \u092a\u0930 use \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 web-based applications \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f design \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Android- Google \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e developed, android \u0915\u093e use \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 smartphone \u0914\u0930 tablet \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f operating system \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. iOS – Apple \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e iPhones, iPads \u0914\u0930 other mobile devices \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f developed operating system\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Operating system \u0915\u0908 different types \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0924\u094c\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 main types \u092e\u0947\u0902 classified \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. Single-tasking operating systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. Multi-tasking operating systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. Multi-user operating systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    4. Multi-processing operating systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    5. Distributed operating systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    6. Real-time operating systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    7. Network operating systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    8. Mobile operating systems<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Single-tasking operating systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Single-tasking operating system \u090f\u0915 operating system \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 program \u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u091a\u0932\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 multitasking \u0915\u093e support \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 application activated \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 system \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0932 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Examples of single-tasking operating systems<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. CP\/M (Control Program\/Monitor)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. Palm OS (Early Palm handheld devices \u092e\u0947\u0902 use \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      4. Early versions of Windows (up to Windows 3.1)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        Multi-tasking operating systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Multitasking operating system \u090f\u0915 operating system \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0915\u0908 program \u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091a\u0932\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 users \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0915\u0908 application \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Examples of popular multi-tasking operating systems:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        1. Microsoft Windows (Windows 95 and later versions)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. macOS<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. Linux distributions (e.g., Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        4. Unix-based operating systems (e.g., Solaris, AIX, HP-UX)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        5. Android<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        6. iOS<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          Multi-user operating systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          Multi-user operating systems \u090f\u0915 operating system \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b multiple users \u0915\u094b system \u0915\u0947 resources \u0924\u0915 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 access \u0914\u0930 shared \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 permission \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 user \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 files, programs \u0914\u0930 system resources \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f special privileges \u0914\u0930 permissions \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Examples of multi-user operating systems:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. Unix-based systems (e.g., Linux, Solaris, AIX, HP-UX)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. macOS<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          3. Windows Server editions<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          4. Mainframe operating systems (e.g., IBM z\/OS, VMS)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            Multi-processing operating systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            Multi-Processing Operating System \u090f\u0915 operating system \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0908 processor \u092f\u093e core \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 computer system \u0915\u093e support \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e advantage \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f design \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 processor \u092f\u093e core \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 procedures \u092f\u093e threads \u0915\u0947 concurrent execution \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 overall system performance \u0914\u0930 throughput \u092e\u0947\u0902 improvement \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Examples of multi-processing operating systems<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            1. Unix-based systems (e.g., Linux, Solaris, AIX, HP-UX)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            2. Windows Server editions (supporting symmetric multiprocessing)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            3. macOS (supporting symmetric multiprocessing)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            4. Mainframe operating systems (e.g., IBM z\/OS, VMS)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

              Distributed operating systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              Distributed operating system \u090f\u0915 operating system \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b independent computers \u0915\u0947 group \u0915\u094b single system \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 managed \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 multiple networks \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 computer \u092e\u0947\u0902 resources \u0914\u0930 workload \u0915\u094b shared \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 permission \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b users \u0914\u0930 applications \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 integrated view \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Examples of distributed operating systems :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              1. Berkeley Unix (originated at the University of California, Berkeley)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              2. MOSIX (a Linux cluster operating system)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              3. PolyKernel (a research project from the University of Utah)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              4. Amoeba (a distributed operating system developed at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                Real-time operating systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) \u090f\u0915 operating system \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 strict time \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u092e\u0940 \u0914\u0930 predicted behavior \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 applications \u0915\u094b execute \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f design \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928 systems \u0915\u093e use \u0910\u0938\u0947 environment \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0902 system \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093e \u0928 only calculations \u0915\u0947 logical consequence \u092a\u0930 dependent \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940 dependent \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u0930 results produce \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                Examples of real-time operating systems :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                1. VxWorks (aerospace, defense \u0914\u0930 industrial applications \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 various embedded systems \u092e\u0947\u0902 use \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                2. QNX (automotive systems, medical devices \u0914\u0930 industrial control systems \u092e\u0947\u0902 use \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                3. Free-RTOS (embedded system \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 open-source real-time operating system)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                4. Integrity (safety-critical systems, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 avionics System \u0914\u0930 industrial automation \u092e\u0947\u0902 use \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                5. ChibiOS (embedded applications \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 compact real-time operating system)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                  Network operating systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  Network operating system \u090f\u0915 Operating System \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 special form \u0938\u0947 computer network \u0915\u0947 resources \u0915\u0947 management \u0914\u0930 coordination \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f design \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e primary purpose \u0915\u0908 network \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 computers \u0914\u0930 devices \u092e\u0947\u0902 communication, resource sharing \u0914\u0930 administration \u0915\u0940 facility \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Examples of popular network operating systems :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  1. Microsoft Windows Server: windows-based networks \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f design \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u094b active directory, file \u0914\u0930 print sharing \u0914\u0930 web Hosting \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 services \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 |<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  2. Linux-based network operating systems: various Linux distributions, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Ubuntu Server \u0914\u0930 CentOS \u0915\u094b file sharing, web hosting \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f network services \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f network operating system \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 configure \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  3. Novell NetWare: Novel \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e developed \u090f\u0915 dedicated network operating system, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e use \u0905\u0924\u0940\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 network resources \u0914\u0930 services \u0915\u0947 management \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f comprehensive form \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  4. Apple macOS Server: macOS \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 server version, macOS-based networks \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f file sharing, email \u0914\u0930 web hosting \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 provide network services \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                    Mobile operating systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                    Mobile Operating System (OS) \u090f\u0915 operating system \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b special form \u0938\u0947 smartphone, tablet \u0914\u0930 wearable devices \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 mobile devices \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f design \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0947 operating systems mobile devices \u0915\u0940 unique hardware \u0914\u0930 user interface requirements, \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 Touchscreen, Battery Management \u0914\u0930 compact form factors \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f customized \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    Examples of popular mobile operating systems :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \n
                    1. Android (developed by Google)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    2. iOS (developed by Apple for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    3. iPadOS (developed by Apple for iPad tablets)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    4. BlackBerry OS (developed by BlackBerry for their smartphones)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    5. watchOS (developed by Apple for Apple Watch)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    6. Tizen (an open-source OS primarily used in Samsung’s wearables and smart TVs)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      Computer \u092e\u0947\u0902 Operating System(OS) \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 ? “Operating System” \u0909\u0938 system software \u0915\u094b referred \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b computer \u0915\u0947 hardware resources \u0915\u093e management \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 application… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25588","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-computer-courses-certification"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"post-thumbnail":false,"blogsite_featured_large_thumb":false,"blogsite_featured_small_thumb":false,"blogsite_post_thumb":false,"blogsite_widget_thumb":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Sagar Prashikshan Sansthan","author_link":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/author\/digital-ramavi\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Computer \u092e\u0947\u0902 Operating System(OS) \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0902 ? “Operating System” \u0909\u0938 system software \u0915\u094b referred \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b computer \u0915\u0947 hardware resources \u0915\u093e management \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 application...","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25588"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25588"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25588\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25591,"href":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25588\/revisions\/25591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25588"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25588"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sagarindia.in\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25588"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}